Movement applications using bearings can be found in every industry: slow and fast applications, light and heavy applications, abrasive and clean applications. With too much idle time, lubricants can be pushed out of the contact area or solidify, which means friction and galling at start up. 1-2, the described a kind of oil-less self-lubricating bearing of the utility model embodiment comprises bearing main body 1, and the top of described bearing main body 1 is provided with bearing housing 2, the inside of bearing housing 2 is provided with steel ball 3, is provided with one deck self-lubricating layer 4 between the internal surface of steel ball 3 and bearing housing 2. Bowman International offers the widest choice of Oilite bearings anywhere in Europe with standard stock ranges available in metric and imperial. LUBRON AQ bearings will operate against most metals, but best performance is achieved with the hardest possible mating surface. LUBRON AQ bearings are frequently used where oil and grease lubrication are impractical. The technical training division of Life Cycle Engineering conducted a study that found 80% of maintenance workers surveyed scored less than 50% when it came to the basic technical skills needed to perform their job; and bearing lubrication was noted first on their list of tasks. LUBRON AQ bearings are constructed of high strength bronze alloys permanently embedded with PTFE solid lubricants, and are unequaled for toughness and durability. Capable of very low friction and high wear resistance, LUBRON TF bearings offer exceptional performance for hydro turbine wicket gate, control linkage, butterfly valve and dam gate applications. Self-lubricating plastic plain bearings offer technical advantages in comparison to metal or metal-backed bearings. In general, four categories of self-lubricating bearings can be distinguished and within each category further subcategories can easily be identified. LUBRON AQ bearings should be wiped clean and free of all debris prior to installation of the shafts. 1, bearing main body; 2, bearing housing; 3, steel ball; 4, self-lubricating layer. 29 X.L. Kong, Y.B. Liu, Y. L: Powder Metal Self-lubricant Materials Vol. CESP decided to eliminate the oil through the use of self-lubricating materials, and the PTFE foils solution was adopted. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: adopting metal material (being generally tin bronze, high-tensile strength brass, cast iron) is matrix, according to different motion mode inlaid solid lubrication agent, can under oil-free lubrication conditioned disjunction water lubrication condition, work for a long time, break through the narrow limitation that general bearing relies on film use; make solid lubricant and axle friction by frictional heat; form oil, powder and deposit lubricated excellent condition; both protected axle not wear and tear, and made the solid lubrication characteristic eternal again, the slide bearing general copper sheathing of hardness ratio doubles; wear-resisting property also doubles; be more suitable in the heavy-duty low-speed working condition, back and forth, rotate, wave the occasion that is difficult to form with oil film such as intermittent movement, have good wear resistance, corrosion-resistant, anti-chemistry and extremely low friction factor. The current study of metal matrix self-lubricating bearing materials is summarized. LUBRON AQ bearings will perform best when the bearing assembly is designed for maximum heat dissipation and the recommended mating materials are used. For larger sizes, LUBRON AQ bearings can be refrigerated or packed in dry ice prior to installation. The technical knowledge and manufacturing expertise behind Oilite bearings have resulted in a vast array of sophisticated, high quality components that are supplied to across a wide range of industries throughout the world. Further, when compared with the conventional bearings made from the powder metallurgy process, the present bearing does not require the steps of press forming and vacuum oil-impregnation along with additional advantages, including a larger amount of oil impregnated, smaller friction coefficient, and cooling lubricant circulation. Thus the application of the conventional bearings has been restricted significantly, and further improvements are needed to achieve low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, enhanced oil storing capacity, and extend the service life of bearings. Since the bearing layer is fabricated as a discrete sheet, rather than a dispersion as in the case of the aforementioned DU bearings, the NORGLIDE bearing layer is homogeneous. A second temperature-related factor is that self-lubricating bearings tend to run faster and thus hotter because there is better control over lubricant buildup, which minimizes dripping.
Standard Oilite bearings are impregnated with a highly refined mineral oil to ISO VG (SAE 30) having a high viscosity index and containing anti-oxidant, anti-rust and defoamant additives. The shaft-porous member clearance is preferably from 0.096 to 0.201 mm, while the bearing clearance may be 0.021 to 0.039 mm, with a porous member grain size of from 0.5 to 0.71 mm. 3. Bearing material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal fluoride is CaF 2 , PbF 2 , MgF 2 or a fluorine compound of an element of the 2nd main group of the periodic table. To date, seven of the 14 units have been converted, and their performance is meeting expectations, with units running as long as 10 years without maintenance needed on the bearings. Sintered, self-lubricating slide bearings. Self-lubricating bearings commonly used in linear and profile rails are made of oil-impregnated plastic. For example, bearing 110 may be alternatively fabricated by forming substrate 112 into a desired configuration, such as, for example, a cylinder, prior to application of load bearing layer 114 thereon. Finally, there are graphite plugged bronze variants, bearings that rely on the flat micro structure of this commonly used form of carbon. Either for food process or for bulk products handling, Thordon Bearings offers zero pollution solutions saving money on the maintenance costs. Temperature is the most important factor in determining a bearings PV limit. The lubricant is uniformly dispersed throughout the sliding layer and thus there is no reduction in low friction bearing performance, even if the sliding layer becomes worn. The clearance between the shaft and the inside surface of the member is larger than the bearing clearance between the shaft and the bearing sleeve and lubricant is drawn by capillary action from the member into the clearance and then into the bearing clearance. The flanges may be lubricated for thrust load applications, or provided without lubrication when required to function only as a spacer. CESP decided to install self-lubricating materials in the Jupia turbines. Still another object of the invention is a self-lubricating bearing whose dimensional factors are adapted to assume satisfactory lubrication of the bearing surface even at slow shaft rotation. LUBRON AQ’s bronze alloy and solid lubricant construction offers the optimum choice for toughness, rigidity, and low coefficient of friction, dry or immersed. 27 R.H. Zhu, X.P. Zhang, Z.P. Niu: The Preparation of Graphite-Al-based Self-lubricant Materials Vol. Raised structures 113 preferably are fabricated from bronze, fastened integrally to substrate 112 and embedded into load bearing layer 114. For relatively ordinary or light duty applications, acceptable materials include those that have a static coefficient of friction μ at least below that of steel on steel (0.58) and preferably similar to that of polyethylene (0.2). In heavier duty applications, such as for automotive or general industrial use, materials having relatively lower coefficients are preferred. 10. A self-lubricating plain bearing for a shaft, comprising a body having a bore therein for receiving an end portion of said shaft, a bearing sleeve means disposed within the bore for supporting the shaft and having a bearing clearance therefrom, and a porous, lubrication-impregnated member which is disposed in the bore at the end of said bearing sleeve means and which is closer towards said shaft end portion, the porous member having a clearance from said shaft which is greater than said bearing clearance, and the bore size of the porous member being larger than said clearance between the shaft and the porous member, whereby said clearance between said shaft and said porous member is adapted to draw lubricant from said porous member and said bearing clearance is adapted to draw lubricant from said clearance to cause lubricant to flow by capillary action to the co-operating bearing surfaces of said shaft and said bearing sleeve means. A 1990 patent49 described the production of low-MW PTFE by contacting high-MW PTFE with fluorine gas and claimed that this process afforded lower friction and higher seizing loads than low-MW PTFE produced by either direct polymerization or irradiation. Type of environment, bearing load, velocity, temperature, finish and hardness of the mating surface all influence coefficient of friction. After almost 90 years Oilite bearings are still the undisputed market leader in sintered self-lubricating bearings. 5. A bearing as set forth in claim 1 wherein said clearance between the shaft and the porous member is from about 0.096 to 0.201 mm.
Oil-filled sintered bronze bearings were first conceived in the 1930s, with self-lubricating metal-polymer bearings developed around 1950 and lubrication-free solid polymer bearings appearing in the 1960s. It is also necessary to collect lubricant, such as oil, which escapes from the bearing, and felt discs or suitably shaped centrifuging rings are used for this purpose. A wide range of lubricants are available to meet specific requirements within a temperature range of -60°C to 200°C, lubricant additives are also available to impart anti-wear properties in marginal lubrication conditions. A precise analysis of space requirements is critical to specifying self-lubricating bearings. Self-lubricating bearings eliminate the need for maintenance , lowering labor costs, and increase the service life of aerospace applications. The clearance for bearings moving in a to-and-fro motion should be the smallest possible (0.5-1 ‰). In high temperatures, the clearance should be larger than normal. Where split housings or a need for disassembly and reassembly make split bushings advantageous, LUBRON AQ bearings are available either matched (split before final machining providing perfect 180° halves) or unmatched (split after final machining varying slightly from perfect 180° halves). The sintered bronze layer also helps conduct heat away from the bearing surface. Meet your powder metal bearings needs. We can find Thordon Bearings on many applications in the field of transportation, like self-lubricating bushes for hinges and pulleys for trucks and special vehicles. The invention is based on the knowledge that the performance under lubrication-free conditions can be significantly increased if a certain filler combination is used in conjunction with PTFE, which has PbO and metal fluoride. Some of this discussion was presented earlier in Section 7.4.3. Some studies of wear and friction control temperature to a specific level (usually room temperature”), some report temperatures, and some studies report nothing. Even though LUBRON AQ bearings are extremely durable, care must be taken to ensure that the lubricated bearing surfaces are not damaged before or during installation. 11. Bearing material according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the solid lubricants are MoSj or boron nitride. The bearings of the present invention are more resistant to mechanical stresses than standard NG. In this regard, bearings of the present invention were fabricated using a steel substrate 0.8 mm thick with bronze intermediate layer 116 and PTFE bearing layer 114 of the dimensions shown and described hereinabove with respect to FIG. These bearings are solid or hollow cylinders, to be machined to final dimensions when the system is not ready for standard SELFOIL® bearings. Specified and approved by engineering design firms and water power authorities worldwide, LUBRON AQ bearings are the proven choice for hydro pump-turbine and dam gate applications. Stainless roller wheels are also available from Lubron Bearing Systems in combination with self-aligning spherical bearings. Friction coefficient is 0.03~0.15. As shown in Figure 1 & 2, the coefficient decreases with load but increases under low temperature. Temperature — Vendors will rate their bearings for operation in certain ranges. Furthermore, the arrangement illustrated ensures that the bearing clearance 6 between the shaft 2 and the member 3 is not sucked empty of lubricant by the suction effect of the porous member 1, after assembly of the bearing or when the shaft is stationary or rotating at low speeds. Accurate alignment is particularly important for self-lubricating bearings. This kind of material provides a maintenance-free solution and is particularly good for high load and intermittent of oscillating motion. The porous bronze layer is impregnated with a polymer such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), with a top layer or lining of polymer disposed thereon. LUBRON AQ spherical bearing assemblies consist of an inner component (gimbal) with a cylindrical inside diameter for shaft rotation and a spherical convex outside diameter, and a two-piece outer component (race) with a mating spherical concave inside diameter and a cylindrical concave outside diameter for mounting in a housing. G-METAL cylindrical bearings can be made from 8 mm to 280 mm in diameter. Wear is a surface phenomenon that results in the gradual deterioration of contacting surfaces through friction. There are three types of self-lubricating plain bearings used today. The utility model relates to a kind of oil-less self-lubricating bearing.
Graphite is used in products for the following reasons: conductivity, EMI shielding, lubricating coatings, self-lubricating bearings, lubricants, heat, chemical, and water resistance, flame retardancy, release properties, and pigmentation. 7 M.M. Shi: Solid Self-lubricating Materials Vol. The main advantages of material when compared to PTFE foil are its higher load capacity, as PTFE foils can be deformed when submitted to high loads, and its longer lifetime. In this regard, the bearings are provided with a relatively low coefficient of friction, long bearing life, resistance to creep and mechanical stresses, and are electrically and thermally conductive. One form of self-lubricating plain bearing comprises a metal capillary bearing member formed from metal powder with or without graphite by pressing under a high pressure in a mold, followed by sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. Whenever reference is made to bronze with graphite, it is safe to assume that bronze plugs have been embedded in the bronze bearings. Moreover, the coefficient of friction of the NORGLIDE bearing may be lower than other prior art bearings due to the ability to utilize reduced filler content or fillers that have less negative impact on the coefficient of friction. In operation of the bearing the lubricant is sucked out of the pores of the bearing member and supplied to the bearing surface of the sintered member and the shaft, by the rotating shaft, as a result of suction and an increase in temperature, due to capillary action, according to the speed of rotation of the shaft. Bearings should be sized to accommodate the total applied load without exceeding the maximum design load. 11. A bearing as set forth in claim 10 wherein said porous member comprises spheroidal sintered bronze. The advantages conferred by this self-lubricating layer include a low coefficient of friction and high load capacity — up to 36,260 pounds per square inch (psi) compared to the 1,450 psi achievable with sintered bronze bearings. 7. A bearing as set forth in claim 1 wherein the porous member comprises spheroidal sintered bronze. A preferred material for the member 1 is a sinter material comprising spheroidal particles, more particularly bronze, thereby making it possible to produce porosity which is uniformly distributed throughout the sintered member so that there is substantially no possibility of regions of different suction capability within the porous member. In another application, a swinging hinge assembly used to support PVC swinging strip doors — used for quick loading bay access — has been using maintenance-free, all-plastic plain bearings since 1998 with no problems. In the rolling process, the pores of this layer are filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mixed with friction and wear-reducing additives. The third, lubrication-free option is to use injection-molded solid polymer bearings. In order to properly integrate the bearing into a linear motion system, the linear shafting needs to be cleaned with a 3-in-1® type of oil to ensure a clean transfer of material. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein said load bearing layer is applied to said substrate by heat and pressure. These are porous, sintered-metal bearings. A method is provided for fabricating a self-lubricating bearing as a laminate of a metallic substrate and a series of raised structures formed integrally therewith and extending orthogonally therefrom. With the correct lubrication, slide bearings almost non-wearing. The lubrication (typically oil or grease) is NOT added to the original bearing design. Proper lubrication delivery is critical for the operation of ball bearings, and most require continued maintenance for re-lubrication. 33 T.S. Li: The Development of Gradient Self-lubricating Bearing Materials Vol. Reinforcing fillers are added to increase the lubricant’s resistance to deformation under load and distortion due to elevated temperatures. 2. Bearing layer 114 may be subsequently formed by laminating a conventional sheet of lubricious material, such as PTFE, using a suitable adhesive as described hereinabove. It is a self-lubricating bearing with graphite plugged to base metal. Self-lubrication allows this type of sliding bearing to work under hydrodynamic conditions, resulting in a very low friction coefficient. A bearing surface means such as a sleeve for supporting the shaft is disposed in the bore adjacent to the porous member and extends outwardly of the bore from the porous member. The study provides a decisive view on the self-lubricating bearing market by segmenting the market based on applications.
Also, the current design of the oil channels formed on the circumference of the present bearing produces an effective cooling circulation for the lubricating oil, whose degradation can be prevented or lessened and which can greatly reduce the heat generated during the rotation of the shaft. Such maintenance free bearings may comprise a variety of configurations, such as, for example, bushes or journal bearings, thrust bearings or washers, locating pads, valve port plates, and wearing components for a variety of mechanisms. The bushings shall be composed of supporting metal and a solid lubricant suitable for underwater application. In the original turbine design, the regulating ring assembly had an axial thrust bronze block fixed to its bottom surface, which slid in a channel full of oil. RBC Lubron is a subsidiary of RBC Bearings Inc. LUBRON TF bearings are constructed of woven PTFE fabric liners permanently bonded and mechanically locked to rigid bronze or stainless steel backings. Porous, sintered metal impregnated with solid lubricants. A felt wick is machined into the ID of the bearing that is intended only for use with oils—when using grease, remove the felt wick to create a reservoir for the grease lubrication. 32 G.M. Zhou: Study of Solid Self-lubricant Bearing Vol. The original bearings for Jupia were bronze lubricated with grease, and a seal was installed only on the upper bearing. Using similar techniques and manufacturing equipment as structural PM components, porous and cellular PM materials are commonly sintered to densities between 25% and 85% of theoretical mean density (TMD) while structural PM parts are typically 85%-99.9% of TMD. Used in crusher, screw conveyor, steel mill, spindle, shafting and self-lubricating applications. 12. Bearing material according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the thermosets or high-temperature thermoplastics are polyamideimides or polyimides. The self-lubricating compound shall be integrally molded and compressed into recesses provided for containment, with an additional coating up to040 inches (1 mm) applied to 100% of the bearing surface area. We are able to offer Oilite bearings in sealed plastic bags or boxes. Sintering of powders is used commercially to produce porous metals by Schunk Sinter Metals (). With larger pores, these can be used to control air flow as filters or silencers, and with smaller pores they can form self-lubricating bearings. Fine particles of solid lubricant create lubrication film on the motion part, when friction is occurred, and the bearing can achieve excellent self-lubrication and abrasion resistance under dry lubricating condition. This provides a reduced concentration of low friction material close to the backing metal. Self-lubricated operating dry, or water lubricated, they cancel the pollution risks and notably reduce the maintenance costs, offering a lifetime higher than the other materials used as bearing bushes. Self-lubricating bearings form part of our extensive range, which also includes metal polymer bearings, pot bearings, elastomeric bearings, pipeline bearings, bi-metallic bearings, and so on. We invite our customers to let us know what their needs and requirements are so that we can cater to them with an appropriate product. One solution is to avoid glue completely and create a mechanical link, that is, to hot-press the lubricant into a shallow surface layer of porous bronze. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein said load bearing layer and said adhesive are fabricated as a monolayer comprising a polymer blend. The bearings are secured in the sheet metal plate on both sides after fitting. For most applications, the recommended bearing loads listed in Table 1 will provide a safety factor of at least 3. LUBRON AQ bearings, which combine high strength alloys with tough, resilient lubricants, are designed to withstand heavy loads. The main reasons re-lubrication maintenance practices fall short include lubrication not being properly or consistently administered; lubrication points not being easily accessible; maintenance personnel not being properly trained and incorrect or improper quantity of lubricant being used. These bearings are made with a mixture of thermoplastic materials, embedded reinforcing fibers and solid lubricant. Copper is exceeded only by silver among the materials used for electrical applications. Self-lubricating bearings work by having lubricant impregnated within the sliding layer of the bearing. Another further objective of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing process for making self-lubricating bearings comprising the following steps: the forming step is to place processed particles of a multiple of alloys evenly to a multiple of round cavities provided in the molding mold made of low heat expansion coefficient material and each center of the cavity is provided with a core bar made of low heat expansion coefficient material so as to form a hollow cylindrical green body; the sintering step is to place the molding mold with a multiple of hollow cylindrical green bodies into a sintering furnace with flowing protective atmosphere, which is then heated below two thirds of the melting temperature of the alloy’s main constituent for 10 to 20 minutes, such that the spherical alloy particles can be sintered together and form a sintered body with large pores; the shaping step is to place the hollow cylindrical sintered bodies after cooling down into the cavity of a steel extruding mold and extruded therein to shape the sintered bodies into semi-finished bearings with satisfactory roundness, surface roughness, and concentricity; and the oil-impregnation step is to soak the multiple of the semi-finished bearings into a container filled with liquid lubricant, such that the multiple of pores among the spherical alloy particles absorb lubricant and store it therein, and finally the soaking bearings containing rich oil are retrieved from the container to become self-lubricating bearings.